If the rf signal received by each antenna element is delayed by a time which varies linearly with distance from an edge of the array, then the antenna main radiation beam is steered towards the direction of increasing delay. This property is used in the electrical tilt.
In the following diagram, when electrical tilting knob is rotated, then the sliders (shown in red color) moves up or down, changing the connecting distance between the antenna elements. Thus phase is shifted.
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